How I Simplify Troubleshooting for IT Users by Mapping Invisible 5G Networks

How I Simplify Troubleshooting for IT Users by Mapping Invisible 5G Networks

0 -> 1

0 -> 1

Enterprise UX

Enterprise UX

Research-Driven

Research-Driven

~12 mins Read

~12 mins Read

Why This Matter?

When network downtime can cost $1.4 million an hour, IT teams were wasting time juggling 5+ siloed systems to trace the root cause 🤯

Why This Matter?

When network downtime can cost $1.4 million an hour, IT teams were wasting time juggling 5+ siloed systems to trace the root cause 🤯

Why This Matter?

When network downtime can cost $1.4 million an hour, IT teams were wasting time juggling 5+ siloed systems to trace the root cause 🤯

Why This Matter?

When network downtime can cost $1.4 million an hour, IT teams were wasting time juggling 5+ siloed systems to trace the root cause 🤯

Why This Matter?

When network downtime can cost $1.4 million an hour, IT teams were wasting time juggling 5+ siloed systems to trace the root cause 🤯

Challenges
  • Limited Domain Knowledge

  • Constantly Evolving Architecture

  • Unclear Scope & Messy Process

Challenges
  • Limited Domain Knowledge

  • Constantly Evolving Architecture

  • Unclear Scope & Messy Process

Challenges
  • Limited Domain Knowledge

  • Constantly Evolving Architecture

  • Unclear Scope & Messy Process

Challenges
  • Limited Domain Knowledge

  • Constantly Evolving Architecture

  • Unclear Scope & Messy Process

Challenges
  • Limited Domain Knowledge

  • Constantly Evolving Architecture

  • Unclear Scope & Messy Process

My Contributions
  • Ran weekly co-designs to align teams

  • Iterated design after 3 rounds of testing

  • Prioritized must-have and set the roadmap

My Contributions
  • Ran weekly co-designs to align teams

  • Iterated design after 3 rounds of testing

  • Prioritized must-have and set the roadmap

My Contributions
  • Ran weekly co-designs to align teams

  • Iterated design after 3 rounds of testing

  • Prioritized must-have and set the roadmap

My Contributions
  • Ran weekly co-designs to align teams

  • Iterated design after 3 rounds of testing

  • Prioritized must-have and set the roadmap

My Contributions
  • Ran weekly co-designs to align teams

  • Iterated design after 3 rounds of testing

  • Prioritized must-have and set the roadmap

Overview

Overview

IT teams were racing the clock, toggling between 5+ siloed tools, and struggling to explain changes to teammates who often lacked the same context.

Define Problem
Define Problem

The Broken Reality of 5G Network Troubleshooting

The Broken Reality of 5G Network Troubleshooting

Digging into 50+ Hours of Interview with Network Ops Teams to Map the "As-is"

Partnering with UX researchers, we distilled insights from 20+ real-world use cases and found a common frustration: fixing network issues was messy and slow.

20+ troubleshooting use cases analysis
20+ troubleshooting use cases analysis
20+ troubleshooting use cases analysis
20+ troubleshooting use cases analysis

Real-world Use Cases. Details are intentionally vague due to NDA - contact me for more context

Real-world Use Cases. Details are intentionally vague due to NDA - contact me for more context

Keeping 5G networks up and running is critical for enterprises, yet IT teams faced scattered, static, and overly complex tools.

Keeping 5G networks up and running is critical for enterprises, yet IT teams faced scattered, static, and overly complex tools.

"I need at least 4 screenshots from colleagues at NOC to understdand device relationships."

Justin

On-site Engineer with Less 5G Experience

"I need at least 4 screenshots from colleagues at NOC to understdand device relationships."

Justin

On-site Engineer with Less 5G Experience

"I need at least 4 screenshots from colleagues at NOC to understdand device relationships."

Justin

On-site Engineer with Less 5G Experience

"I need at least 4 screenshots from colleagues at NOC to understdand device relationships."

Justin

On-site Engineer with Less 5G Experience

"Many tools don’t reflect real-time changes…I have to ask our on-site guys to confirm."

Tim

Network ITs Resolving 80% of Issues at NOC

"Many tools don’t reflect real-time changes…I have to ask our on-site guys to confirm."

Tim

Network ITs with Some 5G experience

"Many tools don’t reflect real-time changes…I have to ask our on-site guys to confirm."

Tim

Network ITs Resolving 80% of Issues at NOC

"Many tools don’t reflect real-time changes…I have to ask our on-site guys to confirm."

Tim

Network ITs Resolving 80% of Issues at NOC

"Finding the root cause of a tower outage means digging through 100+ device."

Molly

Network Admin Handling 20% of Escalated Issues

"Finding the root cause of a tower outage means digging through 100+ device."

Molly

Network Admin with Advanced 5G Experience

"Finding the root cause of a tower outage means digging through 100+ device."

Molly

Network Admin Handling 20% of Escalated Issues

"Finding the root cause of a tower outage means digging through 100+ device."

Molly

Network Admin Handling 20% of Escalated Issues

Getting Aligned on Priorities & Defining Roadmap

These findings transformed Network Map from a “nice-to-have” into a must-have MVP, elevating it into the core value of our product and a key selling point for the Sales team.

High-level Troubleshooting flow & priorities
High-level Troubleshooting flow & priorities
High-level Troubleshooting flow & priorities
High-level Troubleshooting flow & priorities
High-level Troubleshooting flow & priorities

Key troubleshooting flow, Information that User Needs, and Our Prioritization

Key troubleshooting flow, Information that User Needs, and Our Prioritization

Design Roadmap - Getting Aligned on Priorities with PMs & Engineers

Design Roadmap - Getting Aligned on Priorities with PMs & Engineers

Design Solution #1
Design Solution #1

HMW Unify Multi-layered Information into a Single Map View?

HMW Unify Multi-layered Information into a Single Map View?

At First, Stakeholders Wanted Everything on One Page

I worked with another designer to explore ways of combining multiple layers of network information. With no clear direction, we shared all ideas with the team. Stakeholders preferred the 1st option because it showed everything and was easy to implement, but user research revealed a different story.

layout ideations
layout ideations
layout ideations

Research Showed Users Consume Information Step by Step When Troubleshooting

After revisiting the user flow, I realized users need a clear progression: software -> hardware, broad -> granular

The all-in-one-page layout didn’t support this step by step approach. It overwhelmed rather than guided.

Troubleshooting Userflow
Troubleshooting Userflow
Troubleshooting Userflow
Design Solution

Seamless Toggle Between Dual Map Views

+

Fixed Panel for Extra Details

Layout Design Decision
Design Solution

Seamless Toggle Between Dual Map Views

+

Fixed Panel for Extra Details

Layout Design Decision
Design Solution

Seamless Toggle Between Dual Map Views

+

Fixed Panel for Extra Details

Layout Design Decision
Reduced Cognitive Overload

By separating Software and Hardware views, users focus only on what’s relevant at current step.

Reduced Cognitive Overload

By separating Software and Hardware views, users focus only on what’s relevant at current step.

Reduced Cognitive Overload

By separating Software and Hardware views, users focus only on what’s relevant at current step.

Enabled Step-by-Step Problem-Solving

The fixed side panel allowed smooth transitions between layers without losing context.

Enabled Step-by-Step Problem-Solving

The fixed side panel allowed smooth transitions between layers without losing context.

Enabled Step-by-Step Problem-Solving

The fixed side panel allowed smooth transitions between layers without losing context.

Supported Daily Monitoring Use Case On Big Screen

The large map layout offered a clear, consistent overview for quick daily network checks.

Supported Daily Monitoring Use Case On Big Screen

The large map layout offered a clear, consistent overview for quick daily network checks.

Supported Daily Monitoring Use Case On Big Screen

The large map layout offered a clear, consistent overview for quick daily network checks.

Design Solution #2
Design Solution #2

HMW Design Dynamic, Simplified Visuals that Present Right Information at the Right Time

HMW Design Dynamic, Simplified Visuals that Present Right Information at the Right Time

User Pain Point

Static, overly technical visuals left users struggling to see how things were connected.

User Pain Point

Static, overly technical visuals left users struggling to see how things were connected.

User Pain Point

Static, overly technical visuals left users struggling to see how things were connected.

User Pain Point

IT teams had to switch between 5+ siloed systems just to track down an issue.

“No More Horizontal!” Research Revealed How Users Think

During an observational study, we noticed a clear pattern: Network ITs think in a vertical structure.

"We always check downstream connections to understand the impact on our customers."

Justin

"Our customers only care about downstream issues that affect their ability to stay connected."

Tim

"The first thing I check is the upstream connections to identify a root cause."

Molly

But, No Competitor Applied This Insight

We then researched 3 popular network map tools and found all of them used a horizontal layout, which conflicted with what research revealed.

Designing Vertical Structure & Verifying With Users

With research insights, I designed Network Map in a Vertical Structure because it aligns with users' Top-Down mindset and is easy to develop and scale up.

In the following user testing, 100% of participants supported the decision and praised the clarity of the vertical structure. However, about 60% expressed doubts about using straight lines for connections, noting that overlapping lines could become confusing.

Iterations: Simplifying Connections & Adapting to Evolving Architecture

User feedback showed where the design felt confusing, sparking the next iterations.

Meanwhile, the network architecture itself evolved, giving me the chance to refine the topology so it stayed clear for users while still scaling with technical needs.

Design Solution

Simplified Links

+

Surfacing Complex Relationships via Hover

Design Solution GIF: Simplified lines, hovering to highlight
Design Solution

Simplified Links

+

Surfacing Complex Relationships via Hover

Design Solution GIF: Simplified lines, hovering to highlight
Design Solution

Simplified Links

+

Surfacing Complex Relationships via Hover

Design Solution GIF: Simplified lines, hovering to highlight
Progressive Exposure
  • Hover to reveal hidden links

  • Focused view by dimming non-relevant part

Progressive Exposure
  • Hover to reveal hidden links

  • Focused view by dimming non-relevant part

Progressive Exposure
  • Hover to reveal hidden links

  • Focused view by dimming non-relevant part

Reduce Learning Curve
  • Consistent design in both software & hardware layers

  • Dynamically switching to reveal how IoT connect across layers

Reduce Learning Curve
  • Consistent design in both software & hardware layers

  • Dynamically switching to reveal how IoT connect across layers

Reduce Learning Curve
  • Consistent design in both software & hardware layers

  • Dynamically switching to reveal how IoT connect across layers

Design Solution #3
Design Solution #3

HMW Design a Scalable Layout that Adapts As Networks Expand in the Future.

HMW Design a Scalable Layout that Adapts As Networks Expand in the Future.

Exploring Alternatives & Making Decision in Short Time

As I tackled the challenge of scalability, I reviewed the design decisions made for other parts of the Network Map and revisited a key research insight: Context is key, but not all context is needed at once.

From earlier testing, I knew network engineers don’t need all nodes visible at once - they focus on urgent issues and tackle them step by step.

#1 Listing All Nodes in One Line

Clean layout, easy to develop.

Even when zoomed out, only 15 nodes fit on a screen, forcing users to pan across the map to see the rest.

#1 Listing All Nodes in One Line

Clean layout, easy to develop.

Even when zoomed out, only 15 nodes fit on a screen, forcing users to pan across the map to see the rest.

#1 Listing All Nodes in One Line

Clean layout, easy to develop.

Even when zoomed out, only 15 nodes fit on a screen, forcing users to pan across the map to see the rest.

#1 Listing All Nodes in One Line

Clean layout, easy to develop.

Even when zoomed out, only 15 nodes fit on a screen, forcing users to pan across the map to see the rest.

#1 Listing All Nodes in One Line

Clean layout, easy to develop.

Even when zoomed out, only 15 nodes fit on a screen, forcing users to pan across the map to see the rest.

#2 Displaying Critical Only

Allows nodes to be arranged in multiple rows, reducing clutter.

Hard to develop—the library found by front-end team didn’t support this approach.

#2 Displaying Critical Only

Allows nodes to be arranged in multiple rows, reducing clutter.

Hard to develop—the library found by front-end team didn’t support this approach.

#2 Displaying Critical Only

Allows nodes to be arranged in multiple rows, reducing clutter.

Hard to develop—the library found by front-end team didn’t support this approach.

#2 Displaying Critical Only

Allows nodes to be arranged in multiple rows, reducing clutter.

Hard to develop—the library found by front-end team didn’t support this approach.

#2 Displaying Critical Only

Allows nodes to be arranged in multiple rows, reducing clutter.

Hard to develop—the library found by front-end team didn’t support this approach.

#3 Showing a List View of Nodes

Easy to develop and scale-up.

Didn’t align with the goal of providing a large interactive map for users to visually navigate the network.

#3 Showing a List View of Nodes

Easy to develop and scale-up.

Didn’t align with the goal of providing a large interactive map for users to visually navigate the network.

#3 Showing a List View of Nodes

Easy to develop and scale-up.

Didn’t align with the goal of providing a large interactive map for users to visually navigate the network.

Design Solution

A Scrollable "5-Node Window"

+

Donut Charts for High-level Overview

Design Solution

A Scrollable "5-Node Window"

+

Donut Charts for High-level Overview

Design Solution

A Scrollable "5-Node Window"

+

Donut Charts for High-level Overview

Reduce Clutter, Stay in Control

Displays only five nodes and their connections at a time, reducing clutter, with users able to scroll to see more.

Reduce Clutter, Stay in Control

Displays only five nodes and their connections at a time, reducing clutter, with users able to scroll to see more.

Reduce Clutter, Stay in Control

Displays only five nodes and their connections at a time, reducing clutter, with users able to scroll to see more.

See the Worst First

Sorts nodes by severity, so IT teams can prioritize urgent issues first, while keeping other nodes hidden to reduce visual noise.

See the Worst First

Sorts nodes by severity, so IT teams can prioritize urgent issues first, while keeping other nodes hidden to reduce visual noise.

See the Worst First

Sorts nodes by severity, so IT teams can prioritize urgent issues first, while keeping other nodes hidden to reduce visual noise.

Summarize Groups Visually

Uses donut charts around collapsed node groups to highlight critical clusters and provide high-level overview for context.

Summarize Groups Visually

Uses donut charts around collapsed node groups to highlight critical clusters and provide high-level overview for context.

Summarize Groups Visually

Uses donut charts around collapsed node groups to highlight critical clusters and provide high-level overview for context.

How I would Measure Success if I had more time…

How I would Measure Success if I had more time…

The scrollable “5-node window” wasn’t perfect, but it fit our tight timeline. It reduced clutter, surfaced urgent issues, and made large networks easier to navigate. Although I couldn’t run post-launch testing due to shifting priorities, I defined clear success metrics for future validation.

What I'd Track After Launch

First‑Window Hit Rate - Are engineers pinpointing or fixing the issue without scrolling past the first 5 nodes? 

Optimal Window Size  - Is 5 the right number of nodes to display at a time, or would 6 or 7 improve clarity and flow?

Average Scrolls per Incident - How many scroll actions does it take, on average, to resolve a ticket?

What I'd Track

First‑Window Hit Rate - Are engineers pinpointing or fixing the issue without scrolling past the first 5 nodes? 

Optimal Window Size  - Is 5 the right number of nodes to display at a time, or would 6 or 7 improve clarity and flow?

Average Scrolls per Incident - How many scroll actions does it take, on average, to resolve a ticket?

What I'd Track After Launch

First‑Window Hit Rate - Are engineers pinpointing or fixing the issue without scrolling past the first 5 nodes? 

Optimal Window Size  - Is 5 the right number of nodes to display at a time, or would 6 or 7 improve clarity and flow?

Average Scrolls per Incident - How many scroll actions does it take, on average, to resolve a ticket?

What I'd Track After Launch

First‑Window Hit Rate - Are engineers pinpointing or fixing the issue without scrolling past the first 5 nodes? 

Optimal Window Size  - Is 5 the right number of nodes to display at a time, or would 6 or 7 improve clarity and flow?

Average Scrolls per Incident - How many scroll actions does it take, on average, to resolve a ticket?

What I'd Track After Launch

First‑Window Hit Rate - Are engineers pinpointing or fixing the issue without scrolling past the first 5 nodes? 

Optimal Window Size  - Is 5 the right number of nodes to display at a time, or would 6 or 7 improve clarity and flow?

Average Scrolls per Incident - How many scroll actions does it take, on average, to resolve a ticket?

Results & Impacts
Results & Impacts

Launch Success, Early Win, and Cross-functional Efficiency

Launch Success, Early Win, and Cross-functional Efficiency

These 3 challenges capture the heart of my design process: navigating ambiguity, balancing trade-offs, and advocating for what’s best for users. They also reflect how I work: research-driven, collaborative, and always thinking ahead.

This product shipped in 2024, and Topology was just one of the features I led. I also designed Configuration, Inventory Management, Zero-Touch Provisioning, and Data Visualization. Many details are under NDA, but I’d love to walk you through them in person.

100%

User Satisfaction

80%

Reduced Tool-Switching

3x

Product Adoption

Concept ⇒ Delivery

From concept to development, I collaborated across teams to design and deliver 3 tailored versions aligned with user roles and product lifecycle needs.

Concept ⇒ Delivery

From concept to development, I collaborated across teams to design and deliver 3 tailored versions aligned with user roles and product lifecycle needs.

Concept ⇒ Delivery

From concept to development, I collaborated across teams to design and deliver 3 tailored versions aligned with user roles and product lifecycle needs.

Hi-fi Mockups for MWC

Fully prototyped troubleshooting mockups for MWC Barcelona 2023, which were well received by target clients for its clarity and reduced friction.

Hi-fi Mockups for MWC

Fully prototyped troubleshooting mockups for MWC Barcelona 2023, which were well received by target clients for its clarity and reduced friction.

Hi-fi Mockups for MWC

Fully prototyped troubleshooting mockups for MWC Barcelona 2023, which were well received by target clients for its clarity and reduced friction.

Launch & Early Win!

After launching the trial version in 2024, we secured our first client purchase order - a strong early win that validated the design and energized the team.

Launch & Early Win!

After launching the trial version in 2024, we secured our first client purchase order - a strong early win that validated the design and energized the team.

Launch & Early Win!

After launching the trial version in 2024, we secured our first client purchase order - a strong early win that validated the design and energized the team.

Earn Trust & Smooth Design-Dev Handoff
  • Earned trust from PMs and engineers, who began involving UX early in release planning.

  • Streamlined design handoff with lean documentation, reducing feedback cycles and speeding up delivery.

Earn Trust & Smooth Design-Dev Handoff
  • Earned trust from PMs and engineers, who began involving UX early in release planning.

  • Streamlined design handoff with lean documentation, reducing feedback cycles and speeding up delivery.

Earn Trust & Smooth Design-Dev Handoff
  • Earned trust from PMs and engineers, who began involving UX early in release planning.

  • Streamlined design handoff with lean documentation, reducing feedback cycles and speeding up delivery.

Design Patterns Referenced By Others

The scalable topology design patterns were referenced by 3 other products, enhancing design consistency across product ecosystems.

Design Patterns Referenced By Others

The scalable topology design patterns were referenced by 3 other products, enhancing design consistency across product ecosystems.

Design Patterns Referenced By Others

The scalable topology design patterns were referenced by 3 other products, enhancing design consistency across product ecosystems.

Thanks for Visiting!

Want to collaborate, geek out about future, or just say hi?

Let’s connect →

Thanks for Visiting!

Want to collaborate, geek out about future, or just say hi?

Let’s connect →

Thanks for Visiting!

Want to collaborate, geek out about future, or just say hi?

Let’s connect →